Currently, relations between Ukraine and Poland are experiencing a crisis of trust and understanding. Experts point to both historical reasons and contemporary conflicts, including the 2023 grain scandal, disputes over Volhynia, and Russia’s political influence.
The intricate history and deep mutual involvement of the two countries contribute to ongoing tensions. Poland was among Ukraine's first partners to provide military aid after the start of Russian aggression, yet tensions between the nations persist. Factors include economic interests, mutual critique of political decisions, and internal developments such as the recognition of Volhynia events as genocide and trade restrictions on Ukrainian grain.
Russian influence continues to play a role in aggravating Kyiv-Warsaw relations. Still, the difficulties are rooted not only in external factors, but also historical and structural ones. Polish politicians maintain a pragmatic stance: Ukraine’s security is vital for the region, but decisions are made based on domestic interests and political competition.
Experts stress that historical controversies and present disputes should not overshadow the strategic need for partnership. At the same time, there’s a risk of growing xenophobia and worsening conditions for Ukrainians in Poland. In the future, the Ukrainian community’s political voice in Poland is expected to become stronger. The outlook for bilateral relations depends on overcoming distrust and finding common ground.
