Political scientist Ihor Reiterovych examines new trends in relations between the EU, US, and Russia. He notes that despite European support for Ukraine against Russia, some EU countries are seeking ways to circumvent US sanctions targeting the Russian oil sector.
Specifically, Germany and Bulgaria are asking the US for exemptions or transition periods for oil companies tied to Russia. Their main argument concerns the risk of fuel shortages and potential social unrest, such as protests in Bulgaria if the "Lukoil" oil refinery—which supplies up to 80% of the national market—shuts down due to sanctions.
Reiterovych emphasizes the political and strategic risks of such exceptions. The issue highlights market monopolization, Russia's influence through subsidiaries within the EU, and the lack of comprehensive EU action throughout years of conflict.
Another case is Hungary, where Prime Minister Viktor Orbán seeks continued access to Russian oil, challenging Western unity on sanctions and potentially creating a precedent for other nations.
Reiterovych suggests the US faces a dilemma: grant exemptions, risking sanction efficacy, or stick to its policy and push European countries to seek alternative energy sources.
The expert believes US decisions on these requests will shape the future effectiveness of sanctions and the stability of the European oil market.
