Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky has presented the full text of a 20-point peace plan. This document is central to current negotiations in the United States and may serve as a foundation for discussions in 2026.
The first point reaffirms Ukraine’s sovereignty, with all parties recognizing Ukraine as an independent state. In practice, however, Russia often seeks to limit this through measures such as blocking NATO accession.
The second point outlines a non-aggression pact between Russia and Ukraine, supported by monitoring mechanisms. There is skepticism, though, about whether Russia would comply, given past violations.
The third point focuses on providing Ukraine with reliable security guarantees, but questions remain about the effectiveness of such arrangements.
The fourth point maintains a strong Ukrainian army of 800,000 personnel, which will require substantial financial and social resources as well as support from allies.
The fifth point details military security guarantees—should Russia attack Ukraine again, military responses and global sanctions would be triggered. This also highlights the need for clear territorial definitions.
Points 6–8 address Russia’s legal commitment to non-aggression, Ukraine’s prospects for EU accession, and a development package for postwar recovery with international investment.
Subsequent points include the creation of recovery funds, confirmation of Ukraine’s non-nuclear status, compromise solutions regarding the Zaporizhzhia nuclear plant, educational and humanitarian aspects, mutual prisoner exchanges, and steps following the agreement’s signing, including elections.
The final points discuss territorial status, the potential creation of special economic zones, the implementation of maritime agreements, humanitarian initiatives, and procedures for enforcing the agreement. The need for additional bilateral and multilateral security treaties is also highlighted.
Portnikov notes that many points remain controversial and could prolong negotiations, with the main question being whether Russia will agree to implement the plan. A definitive answer will come after Russia responds and further talks occur between Ukraine, the US, and Russia.
