On December 24, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky announced an updated 20-point peace plan. This is an improved version of a proposal previously suggested by the US in November, which had 28 points and several controversial aspects that largely echoed Russia’s position.
The current plan is being actively discussed by international players, but key disputes remain, primarily over the status of Donbas, control of the Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant, and security guarantees. For the Zaporizhzhia NPP, the US proposes a tripartite consortium, but Ukraine insists on cooperation only with the US and without Russian involvement.
The Donbas issue remains challenging: US compromise proposals of a free economic zone, demilitarization, and a national referendum have not garnered mutual consensus. The Kremlin demands the withdrawal of Ukrainian troops while making no similar commitment itself.
Russia also demands limits on Ukraine’s armed forces, guarantees for the status of the Russian language, and sanctions relief. While stating readiness for talks, Moscow does not support the 20-point plan, aiming to keep dialogue with the Trump administration open. Trump, for his part, seeks quick progress.
European leaders continue to support Ukraine but warn there is a risk of weakening US backing. Tensions remain high globally as none of the parties is ready for serious concessions.
There is a high probability that the negotiation process will be prolonged, and even compromise solutions may not be acceptable to the Kremlin. Western positions may also shift depending on internal political developments and the results of the US elections.
The current situation illustrates Russia’s hardline stance and a lack of substantive progress toward peace. Ukraine’s key priority remains preserving sovereignty and strengthening international support.
