Ukraine is facing a severe labour shortage. Many people have left the country or are currently serving in the military, making it difficult for businesses to find workers. Employers are adapting by retraining staff, opening positions to women, attracting young and senior workers, increasing wages and improving working conditions, showing steps towards greater inclusion.
However, these measures are insufficient. Some suggest recruiting workers from abroad. Experts estimate that several million migrants may be needed to restore the economy. At the same time, they warn of the risks: capital outflow, cultural conflicts, increased pressure on infrastructure, and security concerns.
Many specialists argue that it would be better to create conditions for Ukrainians abroad to return home, invest in education and retraining, involve elderly and people with disabilities. Emphasis is also placed on the need for technological modernisation and the development of innovative industries to reduce dependence on low-skilled work.
Ukraine considers a gradual approach to migration for specific projects; mass immigration could cause social challenges. Special attention is given to integration, granting citizenship to those defending Ukraine, and improving transparency in migration procedures.
In summary, Ukraine must balance using internal reserves and, if needed, smartly attracting external labour to ensure efficient and secure reconstruction.
