On November 26, the Bulgarian government presented its 2026 budget, the first denominated in euros. The plan included higher social contributions, a doubled dividend tax, and salary increases for public employees. This sparked public dissatisfaction, as Bulgaria's economic situation remains challenging, and the ruling coalition relied on oligarch Delyan Peevski, who is known for his media influence and corruption accusations.
That same day, 20,000 people surrounded parliament. The government faced strong resistance that soon spread nationwide; up to 150,000 people joined the protests—the largest since the fall of communism. The movement was led mainly by Generation Z youth coordinating via TikTok and Instagram.
By December 2, the proposed budget was withdrawn, but protesters continued demanding the government's resignation, which came on December 11. Their anger was rooted not only in fiscal issues but also in deep disillusionment with endemic corruption—Bulgaria ranks 76th in the global Corruption Perception Index—and persistent political instability, with seven elections since 2021 and no full-term government.
Bulgaria is preparing to join the Eurozone, yet nearly half the population opposes this step, fearing inflation. The protests were organized by pro-European opposition, but pro-Moscow groups such as the "Revival" party tried to influence events.
The political crisis may slow or even threaten weapons supplies to Ukraine; Bulgaria is a key provider, and a policy shift could strengthen Moscow's position. The protests showed the Bulgarian youth's desire for reforms, but whether upcoming elections will bring real change will be seen in spring 2026.
Despite the ongoing political instability, Bulgaria remains strategically important for Ukraine, especially in terms of security and arms supplies.
