Mass protests have broken out in Iran, fueled by a prolonged economic crisis, the devaluation of the national currency, and widespread dissatisfaction with the political regime. Thousands have taken to the streets in Tehran and other cities demanding change. The youth and women, whose rights are heavily restricted by the current regime, are particularly active in the demonstrations.
These protests are the largest since 2022, when the country was shaken by the death of Mahsa Jina Amini after being detained by the morality police. Despite some superficial government concessions, no deep reforms have occurred and the repressive regime maintains a tight grip on society.
The economic situation is critical: inflation in December reached over 42%, and the national currency dropped to a historic low against the US dollar. Wages and savings have rapidly lost value, and prices for basic goods have surged. This led to the resignation of Central Bank chief Mohammad Reza Farzin, but leadership changes have not resolved the underlying structural problems.
External factors worsen the crisis: US and UN sanctions over Iran’s nuclear program have frozen assets and restricted arms trade. The recent conflict with Israel has heightened tensions further while the country’s budget struggles to cope.
President Masoud Pezeshkian publicly promised to stabilize the banking system and preserve purchasing power, but public confidence in true change is low. Many fear a new military escalation, potentially involving the US, which could further impact the economy and markets.
While the government tries to contain the protests, the situation remains tense. Social media and freedom of speech are strictly controlled. Events are unfolding against a backdrop of deep mistrust in both political and religious leadership, raising the risk of further escalation.
