On August 31, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) summit opened in Tianjin, China, led by China and Russia. Chinese President Xi Jinping emphasized the organization’s increased responsibility for maintaining regional peace and stability. Leaders from over 20 countries, including India, Russia, Turkey, and others, participated in talks and thematic events.
A particular focus of the summit was the evolving relationship between China and India, which has grown distant from the US due to trade restrictions and tariffs imposed by the Trump administration. Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Xi Jinping highlighted the need for partnership and stability along disputed borders. Both sides agreed to ease trade barriers and resume direct flights.
Meanwhile, China demonstrated its military might with a parade marking the 80th anniversary of World War II’s end, stressing the role of China and the Soviet Union and promoting an alternative historical narrative. The military display held both symbolic and political significance for the growing influence of China and Russia.
Discussions also covered economic cooperation within the SCO, Russian oil supplies, new payment systems, and enhanced cooperation with Central Asian countries. China used India’s distancing from the US to build its influence, including through its crisis partnership with Russia. These moves reflect China’s bid to become a hub for countries challenged in their relations with the West.
Simultaneously, tensions are rising between the US and its European and Asian allies over approaches to China, underscoring the role of the summit and Beijing’s show of strength. Ultimately, the SCO summit and military parade in Tianjin made clear China’s and its partners’ ambitions to shape alternative power centers and shift the global balance.
